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![]() 3 Catholic paranoia about communism crossed over with that of the Irish State, which placed various far-left groups under regular surveillance, notwithstanding those groups’ miniscule size. In October 1931, a joint pastoral from the Catholic hierarchy was read in every church which claimed communism was on the rise in Ireland – singling out the left-republicans of Saor Éire in particular – and stated that no Catholic could be a communist. The Catholic Truth Society of Ireland (CTSI) believed that the Irish working classes were being “flooded” with communist literature in the early 1920s. Communism, according to a 1931 issue of The Irish Catholic newspaper, was “the most dreadful evil of our time”. ![]() 9 To give just two relatively recent examples: the thundering anti-communism of Fr. Sheridan (Jim Nor (.)ġEveryone knows Irish Catholics hate communists.8 Gerard Madden, “Bishop Michael Browne of Galway and Anti-Communism, 1937-1976”, Saothar: Journal of (.).7 Diarmaid Ferriter, Occasions of Sin: Sex and Society in Modern Ireland, London, Profile Books, 2009 (.).6 National Archives of the United Kingdom, FCO33/124 quoted in Brian Hanley, Scott Millar, The Lost (.).5 Niamh Puirséil, The Irish Labour Party, 1922-73, Dublin, University College Dublin Press, 2007, p.4 Diarmaid Ferriter, The Transformation of Ireland, Woodstock, Overlook Press, 2005, p. 414.3 Maurice Curtis, A Challenge to Democracy: Militant Catholicism in Modern Ireland, Dublin, The Histo (.). ![]() ‡ The FreeStyle LibreLink app is only compatible with certain mobile devices and operating systems. Therefore the study data is applicable to both products. FreeStyle Libre 2 has the same features as FreeStyle Libre 14 day system with optional real-time glucose alarms. † Data from this study was collected with the outside US version of the FreeStyle Libre 14 day system. * Data based on the number of users worldwide for FreeStyle Libre family of personal CGMs compared to the number of users for other leading personal CGM brands and based on CGM sales dollars compared to other leading personal CGM brands. Abbott does not guarantee third party coverage or payment for our products or reimburse customers for claims that are denied by third party payors. The customer is ultimately responsible for determining the appropriate codes, coverage, and payment policies for individual patients. Medicare and other third party payor criteria apply.Ībbott provides this information as a courtesy, it is subject to change and interpretation. Data on file, Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc.Medicare coverage is available for the FreeStyle Libre 2 system if the FreeStyle Libre 2 reader is used to review glucose data on some days every month. Reductions in HbA1c with flash glucose monitoring are sustained for up to 24 months: a meta analysis of 75 real-world observational studies. Please consult your doctor for more information.ġ. The information mentioned in this content is only suggestive/for patient education and shall not be considered as a substitute for doctor’s advice. By enabling early detection, remote care, holistic insights and comprehensive measurement, sensor-based glucose monitors ensure better diabetes management for improved health outcomes helping people make informed health decisions allowing them to live fuller lives. CGM devices can be used on young children above the age of four years, in women with gestational diabetes (during pregnancy) and in those with Type 2 diabetes, keen on keeping their diabetes under control.Īt a time when our healthcare system is stretched and resources are limited, innovative and accessible technology solutions can become a mainstay of effective disease care at home. For people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, continuous glucose monitoring has heralded a new paradigm of monitoring. That is important because then it helps make smart, informed treatment decisions with the doctor”.įreeStyle Libre’s convenience, accessibility and user-friendly design makes Glucose Monitoring easy for people with diabetes. ![]() When one knows what is going on with their glucose levels, they can understand how the body reacts to specific food, exercise routines and medication. Monitoring glucose levels empowers one to take control of their health. Prashanth Subramanian, Head of Medical Affairs, Emerging Asia & India, for Abbott’s diabetes care business says, “ The use of the FreeStyle Libre system provides people with diabetes, access to their glucose level data, thus helping them make informed decisions as they can now understand their glucose fluctuations. These are clinically significant reductions of average glucose levels towards the internationally recommended HbA1c goal of 7% for adults with diabetes 1.ĭr. Studies suggest that after three months of using the FreeStyle Libre system, HbA1c levels were reduced by 0.53% in adults with type 1 diabetes (from 8.20% to 7.67%) and 0.45% in adults with type 2 diabetes (from 8.17% to 7.72%). ![]() The touch-screen reader also holds up to 90 days of data, which allows people to track their glucose levels over time.ĭata generated by FreeStyle Libre is designed to provide actionable trends or patterns that help one make better decisions about health, such as adjustments to diet and changes to medication including insulin. With each scan, the system provides three critical pieces of data:Ī directional trend arrow showing where glucose levels are headed It provides glucose readings every minute with proven accuracy in adult and children 2, day and night. The FreeStyle Libre is a painless, prick-free system that measures glucose levels through a small sensor which is applied to the back of your upper arm. How does continuous glucose monitoring with the FreeStyle Libre system work? ![]() The weapons include shields, rapid bullets, fireballs, buzz rockets, glue bombs, and more. Total Fight has players acquiring bonus weapons from generators positioned at various points in the arena. Free Fight gives characters an unlimited number of ice bullets to temporarily freeze opponents, allowing them time to collect more lums. The former involves collecting as many items (called lums) as possible within three minutes, while the latter has players trying to rack up the most points by shooting at their rivals.Variables also exist within each arena game. Battle Mode also features two play styles: Freeze Fight and Total Fight. Time attack then continues until only one player remains. Players can either race a course for three laps or enter a time attack, an option that eliminates each runner who fails to cross a checkpoint within six seconds after the leader. Race Mode has characters running along a multi-path course riddled with obstacles and offers two options. While the characters all possess the same abilities, each has his or her own theme song that continuously plays while he or she is in first place.Rayman Arena features two distinct modes of play: Race Mode and Battle Mode. In addition to the colorful Rayman, players can choose Globox, Dark Globox, Tily, Henchman, Henchman 1000, Teensies, Razorbeard, or Mrs. Nine playable characters are available, five of which are locked at the start of the game. ![]()
![]() ![]() Nevertheless, it raises such important questions about fairness in Maryland’s criminal justice system that we are bringing this information to our readers. Please reach out to your local League with questions and concerns or contact the state League office for assistance. The League of Women Voters of Maryland does not have a position explicitly addressing the felony murder rule, so we are not able to support or oppose the measure. They could still be convicted of the felony that they actually committed, but they could not be convicted of murder without proof that they intentionally killed the victim. The bill under consideration by the Judiciary Committee, HB 1180, the Youth Accountability and Safety Act, would exempt defendants under the age of 25 from the felony murder rule. Although this makes it easier for prosecutors to secure harsh sentences for crimes whenever a death occurs, it has long been criticized by legal scholars who argue that it violates the general principle that you are held accountable only for intentional conduct. This is Frederick County, where hip meets. Visitors can hike the Appalachian Trail, visit local breweries, and tour a battlefield all in one day. In the most extreme example cited by one witness before the committee, if two people commit a robbery and one of them shoots someone, both can be tried for murder even though only one of them pulled the trigger. Located less than one hour from Washington, D.C., Baltimore, and Gettysburg, the city of Frederick, Maryland is surrounded by mountain views, wineries, orchards and vibrant Main Street communities. Two of the witnesses in support of the bill had served as jurors in cases where they were instructed to apply the felony murder rule, and they felt that it was wrong to ask citizen jurors to apply an unjust rule. In a criminal case, a defendant is frequently charged with multiple offenses, each based on some detail of the crime, and a jury may convict someone of any combination of the offenses. ![]() Criminal law has become much more finely tuned in the ensuing years, so that the law recognizes distinctions about crimes committed with a gun or other deadly weapon as well as varying degrees of involvement in planning, aiding, or actively carrying out a crime. At that time, there were fewer felonies, and for many years, the only penalty for a felony was death. The felony murder rule arose in England and was carried over into the common law adopted by Maryland. But the felony murder rule, which Maryland and most other states have adopted, allows the prosecutor to prove only that the defendant intended to be involved in another felony, such as robbery or arson and that involvement is regarded as supplying the “intent” for a murder conviction. Ordinarily, the prosecution must prove that a defendant intentionally killed someone in order to convict them of murder. On March 2, 2023, the Judiciary Committee of the Maryland House of Delegates heard testimony regarding the felony murder rule and a proposal to change state law so that it would not apply to a defendant under the age of 25. If you need any kind of proof of sound levels, it’s important you get the latter, which conforms to either American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Type 1 or 2. In a nutshell, sound level meters separate into two categories: general-purpose models that homeowners, teachers, and businesspeople might use, and professional models that are made to recognized standards and can be used in commercial and/or legal situations. The resolution of the display is usually in 0.1 increments both for decibels and frequency, though that doesn’t necessarily signify that the meter itself is capable of that accuracy. AccuracyĪccuracy is a key issue, and it’s a common question (see the FAQ section). More advanced models might split those into high and low ranges, thus providing greater accuracy. The frequency is between 30 and 8,500 hertz (usually expressed as 8.5 kilohertz). The decibel range is generally from 30 to 130 decibels, which covers everything from quiet conversation to aircraft engines). There are two ranges to consider: loudness in decibels (dB, dBA, or dBC) and frequency in hertz (Hz). However, this type of equipment is expensive, with kits starting at over $1,500. If you’re going to do that, you’d probably be better off getting a real sound level meter!Ī personal noise dosimeter attaches to clothing and is used to check accurate exposure rates for an individual. One of these can be a very cheap alternative (and at least one is free), but the accuracy of the measurements is questionable unless an external microphone is fitted. The main issue here is the quality of the microphone, which usually isn’t great and can result in poor readings. Virtual SLMs: There are a few virtual sound level meters around - software programs that can be used on a laptop, tablet, or smartphone. Most are handheld, and a few can be mounted on the wall to monitor noise continuously. While there may be a few physical differences, they all do pretty much the same job. These meters go by many other names, too, such as sound pressure level meters, decibel meters, noise level meters, and noise dosimeters. ![]() A sock, or windshield, usually covers the end of the microphone to take out extraneous wind noise, though it can be removed if necessary. The information is converted to an electrical signal, interpreted by a microprocessor, and delivered to a display. If everything were completely still, there would be absolute silence.Ī sound level meter (SLM) uses a microphone containing a sensitive diaphragm to measure changes in the air pressure. ![]() Sound can be described as a pressure wave caused by the vibration of an object. If you’re going to be using sound-analysis software, it’s important to check device compatibility. |
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